Tonometry: Eye Pressure Measurement
Tonometry measures intraocular pressure (IOP) to assess your risk for glaucoma. High eye pressure can damage the optic nerve, leading to vision loss.
Why Eye Pressure Matters
Intraocular pressure is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg). Maintaining normal pressure is crucial because:
- High pressure is the main risk factor for glaucoma
- Glaucoma often has no early symptoms
- Vision loss from glaucoma is irreversible
- Early detection can prevent vision loss
Understanding Your Results
Normal eye pressure ranges between 10-21 mmHg. However:
- Pressure above 21 mmHg increases glaucoma risk
- Some people develop glaucoma with "normal" pressure
- Your doctor will consider other factors like corneal thickness
Important: Only an eye doctor can diagnose glaucoma. This information cannot replace a comprehensive eye exam.
Who Should Get Tested?
Regular tonometry is recommended for:
- Adults over 40 (every 2-4 years)
- African Americans (higher glaucoma risk)
- People with diabetes or high blood pressure
- Those with family history of glaucoma
- Individuals with previous eye injuries
Types of Tonometry Tests
1. Goldmann Applanation Tonometry (most accurate):
- Uses a special device mounted on a slit lamp
- Requires numbing eye drops
- Measures how much force is needed to flatten your cornea
2. Non-Contact Tonometry ("air puff" test):
- No direct contact with the eye
- Quick and painless
- Slightly less accurate than Goldmann
3. Electronic Tonometry (handheld devices):
- Portable devices for screening
- Used in some home monitoring systems
Note: This information is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with an eye care professional for proper diagnosis and treatment.
